{"id":1728,"date":"2013-11-20T15:59:35","date_gmt":"2013-11-20T15:59:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/?page_id=1728"},"modified":"2016-04-13T14:54:01","modified_gmt":"2016-04-13T13:54:01","slug":"abortion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/abortion\/","title":{"rendered":"Abortion"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"printfriendly pf-button  pf-alignright\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/abortion\/?pfstyle=wp\" rel=\"nofollow\" onclick=\"pfTrackEvent(&#039;Abortion&#039;); return false;\" title=\"Printer Friendly, PDF & Email\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"pf-button-img\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.printfriendly.com\/buttons\/printfriendly-pdf-email-button-notext.png\" alt=\"Print Friendly, PDF & Email\" style=\"width: 110px;height: 30px;\"  \/>\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div><\/p>\n<h2>Cattle Diseases<\/h2><div id=\"gticontainer\"><div class=\"gti_clear\"><\/div><div id=\"gti_letterindex\"><ul><li><a href=\"#gti_all\">All<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_A\" href=\"#\">A<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_B\" href=\"#\">B<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_C\" href=\"#\">C<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_D\" href=\"#\">D<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_E\" href=\"#\">E<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_F\" href=\"#\">F<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_G\" href=\"#\">G<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_H\" href=\"#\">H<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_I\" href=\"#\">I<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_J\" href=\"#\">J<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_K\" href=\"#\">K<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_L\" href=\"#\">L<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_M\" href=\"#\">M<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_N\" href=\"#\">N<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_O\" href=\"#\">O<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_P\" href=\"#\">P<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_R\" href=\"#\">R<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_S\" href=\"#\">S<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_T\" href=\"#\">T<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_U\" href=\"#\">U<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_V\" href=\"#\">V<\/a><\/li><li><a id=\"gti_sel_W\" href=\"#\">W<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class=\"gti_clear\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tagindex\"><div id='gti_div_A'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_A'>A<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/abomasal-displacement\/\">Abomasal Displacement<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/abortion\/\">Abortion<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/acetonaemia\/\">Acetonemia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/actinobacillosis\/\">Actinobacillosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/actinomycosis\/\">Actinomycosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/allergic-dermatitis\/\">Allergic Dermatitis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_B'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_B'>B<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/blackleg\/\">Blackleg<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bloat\/\">Bloat<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/botulism\/\">Botulism<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bovine-fasciolosis\/\">Bovine Fasciolosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bovine-herpes-1\/\">Bovine Herpes-1<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy\/\">Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bovine-tuberculosis\/\">Bovine Tuberculosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bovine-viral-diarrhoea\/\">Bovine Viral Diarrhea<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/brucellosis\/\">Brucellosis\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bse\/\">BSE<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/bvd\/\">BVD<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_C'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_C'>C<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/calcium-deficiency\/\">Calcium Deficiency\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/calf-diarrhoea\/\">Calf Diarrhea<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/calf-pneumonia\/\">Calf Pneumonia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/campylobacteriosis\/\">Campylobacteriosis\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ccn\/\">CCN<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/cerebrocortical-necrosis\/\">Cerebrocortical Necrosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/clostridial-disease\/\">Clostridial Disease<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/cobalt-deficiency\/\">Cobalt Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/coccidiosis-in-cattle\/\">Coccidiosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/colibacillosis\/\">Colibacillosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/conjunctivitis\/\">Conjunctivitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/copper-deficiency\/\">Copper Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/coronavirus\/\">Coronavirus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/cryptosporidiosis-in-cattle\/\">Cryptosporidiosis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_D'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_D'>D<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/dermatitis\/\">Dermatitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/dermatophytosis\/\">Dermatophytosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/dictyocaulus-viviparus\/\">Dictyocaulus viviparus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/digital-dermatitis\/\">Digital Dermatitis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_E'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_E'>E<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/e-coli-infection\/\">E. coli infection<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/eimeria\/\">Eimeria<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/endoparasites\/\">Endoparasites<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/enzootic-pneumonia\/\">Enzootic Pneumonia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/epizootic-abortion\/\">Epizootic Abortion<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/etec\/\">ETEC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_F'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_F'>F<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/fasciola-hepatica\/\">Fasciola hepatica<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/fat-cow-syndrome\/\">Fat Cow Syndrome<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/flabby-bag\/\">Flabby Bag<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/foul-in-the-foot\/\">Foul-in-the-foot<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/fungal-abortion\/\">Fungal Abortion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_G'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_G'>G<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/grass-staggers\/\">Grass Staggers<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/grass-tetany\/\">Grass Tetany<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_H'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_H'>H<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/haemonchus\/\">Haemonchus contortus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hock-damage\/\">Hock Damage<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/husk\/\">Husk<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hygroma\/\">Hygroma<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hypocalcaemia\/\">Hypocalcaemia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hypocupraemia\/\">Hypocupremia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hypoglycaemia\/\">Hypoglycemia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/hypomagnesaemia\/\">Hypomagnesemia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_I'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_I'>I<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ibr\/\">IBR<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/infectious-bovine-keratoconjunctivitis\/\">Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/infectious-bovine-rhinotracheitis\/\">Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_J'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_J'>J<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/johnes-disease\/\">Johne's Disease<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/joint-ill\/\">Joint Ill<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_K'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_K'>K<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/keratoconjunctivitis\/\">Keratoconjunctivitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ketosis\/\">Ketosis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_L'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_L'>L<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/lactation-tetany\/\">Lactation Tetany<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/laminitis\/\">Laminitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/lda\/\">LDA<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/leptospirosis\/\">Leptospirosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/listerial-encephalitis\/\">Listerial Encephalitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/liver-fluke\/\">Liver Fluke<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/lumpy-jaw\/\">Lumpy Jaw<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/lungworm\/\">Lungworm<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_M'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_M'>M<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mad-cow-disease\/\">Mad Cow Disease<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/magnesium-deficiency\/\">Magnesium Deficiency\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/malignant-oedema\/\">Malignant Edema<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mange\/\">Mange<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mastitis\/\">Mastitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/metritis\/\">Metritis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/milk-drop-syndrome\/\">Milk Drop Syndrome<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/milk-fever\/\">Milk Fever<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mucosal-disease\/\">Mucosal Disease<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/muscular-dystrophy\/\">Muscular Dystrophy<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mycobacterium-johnei\/\">Mycobacterium johnei<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mycobacterium-paratuberculosis\/\">Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/mycotic-abortion\/\">Mycotic Abortion<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/myopathy\/\">Myopathy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_N'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_N'>N<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/nematodirus\/\">Nematodirus battus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/neospora-caninum\/\">Neospora caninum\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/new-forest-eye\/\">New Forest Eye<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/nutritional-myodegeneration\/\">Nutritional Myodegeneration<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_O'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_O'>O<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ostertagia\/\">Ostertagia ostertagi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_P'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_P'>P<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/parasitic-bronchitis\/\">Parasitic Bronchitis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/parasitic-gastroenteritis\/\">Parasitic Gastroenteritis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/paratuberculosis\/\">Paratuberculosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/pasteurellosis\/\">Pasteurellosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/pen\/\">PEN<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/periparturient-paresis\/\">Periparturient Paresis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/pink-eye\/\">Pink Eye<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/polioencephalomalacia\/\">Polioencephalomalacia<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/post-partum-conditions\/\">Post-partum conditions<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/pregnancy-toxaemia\/\">Pregnancy Toxemia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_R'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_R'>R<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/rda\/\">RDA<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/retained-placenta\/\">Retained placenta<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ringworm\/\">Ringworm<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/rotavirus-and-coronavirus\/\">Rotavirus and Coronavirus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/roundworms\/\">Roundworms<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/ruminal-tymphany\/\">Ruminal Tymphany<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_S'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_S'>S<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/salmonellosis\/\">Salmonellosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/sarcoptes-scabiei\/\">Sarcoptes scabiei<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/scours\/\">Scours<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/selenium-deficiency\/\">Selenium Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/septic-arthritis\/\">Septic Arthritis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/septicaemic-colibacillosis\/\">Septicemic Colibacillosis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/shipping-fever\/\">Shipping Fever<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/slurry-heel\/\">Slurry Heel<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/sole-ulcer\/\">Sole Ulcer<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/staggers\/\">Staggers<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/super-foul\/\">Super Foul<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_T'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_T'>T<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/tb\/\">TB<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/tetanus\/\">Tetanus<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/thiamine-deficiency\/\">Thiamine Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/transit-fever\/\">Transit Fever<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/trichomoniasis\/\">Trichomoniasis<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/tuberculosis\/\">Tuberculosis<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_U'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_U'>U<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/udder-inflammation\/\">Udder Inflammation<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_V'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_V'>V<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/vitamin-b-deficiency\/\">Vitamin B Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/vitamin-b12-deficiency\/\">Vitamin B12 Deficiency<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/vitamin-e-deficiency\/\">Vitamin E Deficiency<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><div id='gti_div_W'><div class='blockletter' id='gti_W'>W<\/div><ul><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/white-line-abscess\/\">White Line Abscess<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/white-muscle-disease\/\">White Muscle Disease<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/wooden-tongue\/\">Wooden Tongue<\/a><\/li><li style=\"width:100%;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/US\/cattle-diseases\/\/worms\/\">Worms<\/a><\/li><\/ul><div class='gti_clear'><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h4>Abortion in Cattle<\/h4>\n<p><em><strong>Includes the following conditions: Listerial Encephalitis, Epizootic Abortion, Fungal Abortion, Mycotic Abortion, Trichomoniasis<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"two_third\">\n<p><strong>All cases where the pregnancy terminates early and the\u00a0fetus\u00a0is expelled are called abortions.\u00a0Abortion may be defined as the loss of a\u00a0fetus\u00a0between day 42 and 271 of pregnancy,\u00a0with\u00a0fetal\u00a0loss before this stage defined as early embryonic death (before day 14)\u00a0and late embryonic death (between days 14 and 42). There are multiple potential causes of abortion and the detection of abortions in a herd can vary significantly depending on the husbandry system and calving pattern. Therefore, the reported incidence of abortion at herd level also varies markedly.\u00a0It has been suggested that an abortion rate of 5% or more in a herd should be considered an indication of an abortion problem (<a href=\"#ref\">Deas, 1981<\/a>).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This page is a general overview \u2013\u00a0to read\u00a0specific disease conditions click on the links below.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"one_third last\">\n<h3 class=\"title\"><span>Diagnosed abortions in Cattle<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"skill-title\">Abortion due to <em>Bacillus licheniformis<\/em> 15%<\/div>\n<div class=\"skillbar\" data-perc=\"15\">\n<div class=\"skill-percentage\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"skill-title\">Abortion due to <em>Neospora<\/em> <em>caninum<\/em> 12%<\/div>\n<div class=\"skillbar\" data-perc=\"18\">\n<div class=\"skill-percentage\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"skill-title\">Abortion due to Schmallenberg 10%<\/div>\n<div class=\"skillbar\" data-perc=\"25\">\n<div class=\"skill-percentage\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>(source AHVLA VIDA 2012)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<h4>Causes of Abortion<\/h4>\n<p>The causes of abortion have been classified by <a href=\"#ref\">Boyd and Gray<\/a> (1992) as follows:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"responsive\"><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2349\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calves-in-the-shed-2-cropped.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2349\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2349\" title=\"Calves lying down in the shed\" src=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calves-in-the-shed-2-cropped-300x279.jpg\" alt=\"Calves lying down in the shed\" width=\"300\" height=\"279\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2349\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Duchy College 2012<\/p><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Infectious:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Non-specific<\/li>\n<li>Specific<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Miscellaneous:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Drug-induced (<span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"Naturally occurring, hormone-like chemical  that can stimulate contraction of the uterus  and other smooth muscles, lower blood pressure, regulate stomach acid secretion and body temperature\">prostaglandin<\/a><\/span> )<\/li>\n<li>Insemination\/<span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"located or occurring within the uterus\">intra-uterine<\/a><\/span> infusion<\/li>\n<li>Trauma\/stress (transport, noise, veterinary treatment etc.)<\/li>\n<li>High fever and <span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"A toxin present inside a bacterial cell that is released when it disintegrates.\">endotoxins<\/a><\/span> (toxic plants, nitrate\/nitrite, fungal toxins, other disease)<\/li>\n<li>Nutritional (malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/selenium-deficiency\/\">selenium\/vitamin E deficiency<\/a>, <span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"A swelling of the neck resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland\">goiter<\/a><\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>Twin pregnancy<\/li>\n<li>Genetic (malformation)<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"An underactive thyroid gland\">Hypothyroidism<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Infectious causes of abortion tend to be more significant, both within herds and nationally. Both non-specific and specific infectious causes of abortion can lead to &#8220;abortion storms&#8221; in a herd (i.e. where the incidence is &gt;5%), whereas the miscellaneous causes often result in sporadic, individual cases.<\/p>\n<p>The most important infectious abortion agents are listed below. It is important to note that several of these are also zoonotic:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"responsive\"><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2463\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/SBV_calf_2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2463\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2463\" title=\"SBV_calf_2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/SBV_calf_2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"A calf foetus with deformed joints (arthrogryposis) due to Schmallenberg virus\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/SBV_calf_2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/SBV_calf_2-293x220.jpg 293w, https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/SBV_calf_2.jpg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A calf foetus with deformed joints (arthrogryposis) due to Schmallenberg virus<br \/>\u00a9 Crown Copyright 2014<\/p><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Schmallenberg disease<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Neospora caninum\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/neospora-caninum\/\"><em>Neospora caninum<\/em><\/a> abortion<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Salmonellosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/salmonellosis\/\">Salmonellosis<\/a> (particularly <em>Salmonella dublin<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Leptospirosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/leptospirosis\/\">Leptospirosis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Bovine Viral Diarrhoea\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/bovine-viral-diarrhoea\/\">Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Listeriosis<\/li>\n<li>Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Campylobacteriosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/campylobacteriosis\/\">Campylobacteriosis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Fungal abortions\" href=\"#Fungal_abortions\">Fungal\/mycotic abortion<\/a> (see below)<\/li>\n<li>Epizootic\/chlamydial abortion (see below)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Trichomoniasis\" href=\"#Trichomoniasis\"><em>Trichomoniasis<\/em><\/a> (see below)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Brucellosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/brucellosis\/\">Brucellosis<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"Fungal_abortions\"><\/a>In the US, losses associated with <em>Neospora caninum<\/em> abortion have been estimated to be in excess of $500 million although losses to the beef industry were significantly less (<a href=\"#ref\">Reichel et al., 2013<\/a>). In the UK in 2012, of those abortions where a diagnosis was reached,\u00a0 <em>Neospora caninum<\/em> contributes to approximately 12% of all diagnoses, Schmallenberg accounted for 10% (see image) but has decreased or even potentially disappeared since, <em>Salmonella Dublin<\/em> accounted for approximately 7% and <em>Bacillus licheniformis<\/em> approximately 15%. Abortion due to BVD was diagnosed in 7% of diagnosed submissions with the incidence of abortion due to <em>Leptospirosis<\/em> decreasing to around 1% of diagnosed submissions (<a href=\"#ref\">VIDA, 2012<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"Trichomoniasis\"><\/a>Fungal abortions are typically associated with contaminated feed and are either sporadic or occur in small outbreaks, typically between the fifth and seventh months of pregnancy.<\/p>\n<p>Chlamydial infection in cattle has been associated with reproductive disorders including abortion, endometritis, repeat breeding, vaginitis, seminal vesiculitis, weak calves and perinatal mortality. It has been suggested that both <em>Cp. abortus and Cp. pecorum <\/em>are ubiquitous in cattle (<a href=\"#ref\">Kaltenboeck et al., 2005<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Abortions caused by <em>trichomoniasis<\/em> and <em>brucellosis<\/em> are extremely rare in the UK, and both diseases are subject to statutory disease control measures.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<h4>Control and Prevention of Abortion<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"responsive\"><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3226\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calf-foetus.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3226\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3226\" src=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calf-foetus-300x252.jpg\" alt=\"A 10-week old and a 6-week old calf foetus\" width=\"300\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calf-foetus-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/Calf-foetus-1024x860.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3226\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Abortion is expulsion of the\u00a0fetus\u00a0from day 42\u00a0to 271. The small\u00a0fetus\u00a0in the orange sack\u00a0in the middle of the photo is about 42 days old. The larger one at the top of the image is about 70 days old.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n<p><\/span>Due to the multifactorial <span class=\"tooltips\"><a href=\"#\" rel=\"tooltip\" title=\"The cause or set of causes of a disease or condition\">aetiology<\/a><\/span> of abortions in cattle, general prevention of non-infectious abortion focuses on good husbandry, feeding and management. The control of infectious abortion is based on good disease control through closed herd policy, careful screening and quarantine of bought-in or introduced (e.g. rented bulls) animals and good biosecurity. Specific control measures for individual infectious abortive agents are presented under each disease.<\/p>\n<p>Once a sporadic abortion or an outbreak of abortions has happened, it is, in most cases, difficult to prevent further abortions from occurring unless the causative agent is identified and can be eradicated. In some cases, like IBR, further abortions will occur months after the first event.<\/p>\n<p>An important cornerstone of abortion control in a cattle herd is good record-keeping of abortion events, and identification, if possible, of the causes in each detected case of abortion. In the UK every abortion in cattle has to be reported to the <a title=\"Animal and Plant Health Agency\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/organisations\/animal-and-plant-health-agency\" target=\"_blank\">Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA)<\/a>, who then decide whether <a title=\"Brucellosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/brucellosis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Brucellosis<\/a> testing is carried out. It is\u00a0good practice to investigate all abortions, even though less than 10% of all laboratory investigations of abortions produce a conclusive result (<a href=\"#ref\">VIDA, 2012<\/a>). Over a period of time, a picture of the herd\u2019s health status will emerge, and can be used to refine the Herd Health Plan to control disease.<\/p>\n<p>A systemic examination of all abortion cases should be carried out by a vet to collect information on the history of the individual cow and the herd, conduct an examination of the cow and the foetus (including placenta), collect laboratory samples and interpret results in connection with the cow and herd history. In some cases, samples will need to be taken as part of statutory disease control measures.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<h4>Treating Abortions<\/h4>\n<p>As it is virtually impossible to prevent an abortion from happening once the expulsion of a fetus has begun, the treatment should concentrate on making sure that the dam does not suffer any long-term effects from the event. Subsequent retained fetal membranes or metritis need to be attended to.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of an unknown cause, further spread of a potential contagious infection should be prevented by isolating the affected cow\/cows, until discharges have cleared and\/or until advised by a veterinary surgeon.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<h4>Abortion and Welfare<\/h4>\n<p>The dam should be observed and treated if after-effects are seen. Affected animals should be isolated to prevent further spread.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<h4>Good Practice Based on Current Knowledge<\/h4>\n<p>To prevent abortions from happening or abortive agents from entering the herd, the following points should be included in the Herd Health Plan:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Establish a closed herd policy where possible<\/li>\n<li>If buying in stock, obtain from an accredited health status herd<\/li>\n<li>Screen and isolate bought-in animals for abortive agents such as IBR, <a title=\"Bovine Viral Diarrhoea\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/bovine-viral-diarrhoea\/\" target=\"_blank\">BVD<\/a>, <a title=\"Leptospirosis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/leptospirosis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Leptospirosis<\/a>\u00a0and potentially <a title=\"Neospora caninum\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/neospora-caninum\/\" target=\"_blank\">neosporosis<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Establish good biosecurity on the farm<\/li>\n<li>Establish a good recording system for abortions on the farm (date, cow, stage of gestation, additional information, results of systemic examination by a vet)<\/li>\n<li>Undertake a disease investigation if the annual incidence is more than 4% (4 cows in 100) or if several abortions occur in a short period of time<\/li>\n<li>Isolate animals which have aborted and dispose safely of the fetus and placenta<\/li>\n<li>Avoid dog\u00a0access to the fetus and placenta (See <a title=\"Neospora caninum\" href=\"https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/disease-management\/cattle-diseases\/neospora-caninum\/\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Neospora caninum<\/em><\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"hr hr3\" style='margin:20px 0px 20px 0px !important;'><\/div>\n<p><a id=\"ref\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"toggle\">\n<div class=\"toggle-title active\">Abortion References<span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"toggle-inner\">\n<div id=\"zotpress-1f3103f3f8108be95ba3df5623172437\" class=\"zp-Zotpress zp-Zotpress-Bib wp-block-group\">\n\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_API_USER_ID\" style=\"display: none;\">254757<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ITEM_KEY\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_COLLECTION_ID\" style=\"display: none;\">PM8AXRIP<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TAG_ID\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_AUTHOR\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_YEAR\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEMTYPE\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEM_TYPE\" style=\"display: none;\">items<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_INCLUSIVE\" style=\"display: none;\">1<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_STYLE\" style=\"display: none;\">apa<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_LIMIT\" style=\"display: none;\">0<\/span>\n\t\t<span 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style=\"display:none;\">https:\/\/www.farmhealthonline.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/zotpress\/<\/span>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"zp-List loading\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"zp-SEO-Content\">\n\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> 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